Novel notes: Examples of commodity money and fiat money in the Viking Age of Eastern Europe

Monika Maleszka-Ritchie

Novel notes: Examples of commodity money and fiat money in the Viking Age of Eastern Europe

Monika Maleszka-Ritchie

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摘要

This paper explores the archaeological and written evidence for the development of standardised commodity money and fiat money in the Viking Age early medieval marketplaces of Eastern Europe. The flat axe-like iron bars known as grzywna ‘of iron’ from Poland and Czechia and similar axe-like iron bars known as vevjern from southern Norway are discussed as examples of standardised commodity money. The animal pelts with lead seals known as plomby from Eastern Slavonic regions and the territory of the Volga Bulgars are discussed as examples of fiat money. The implications of both standardised commodity money and fiat money are described within the context of trade and exchange in the Viking Age of Eastern Europe, as are the implications of their use in early medieval marketplaces for regional economic activity and organisation.

源语言	English
主期刊名	Ruralia XV Farmers’ trade and markets. Social and Economic Interaction in the Medieval and Early Modern European Countryside
出版地点	Leiden
出版商	Sidestone Press, Leiden
页	305
页数	315
卷	15
ISBN（电子版）	ISBN 978-94-6427-134-8, MARIE ØDEGAARD, KJETIL LOFTSGARDEN, CLAUDIA THEUNE
ISBN（印刷版）	ISBN 978-94-6427-132-4 (, ISBN 978-94-6427-133-1 (
出版状态	Published - 30 9月 2025

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Ruralia XV Novel notes Examples of commodity money and fiat money in the Viking Age of Eastern Europe MMaleszka-Ritchie 2025
© 2025 Individual authors This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This license does not apply to content that is attributed to sources other than the copyright holder mentioned above.
Final published version, 2.68 MB许可: CC BY-NC-ND

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Novel notes: Examples of commodity money and fiat money in the Viking Age of Eastern Europe

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