TY - JOUR
T1 - A Millimeter-Wave Klystron Upconverter with a Higher Order Mode Output Cavity
AU - Burt, Graeme
AU - Zhang, Liang
AU - Constable, David A.
AU - Yin, Huabi
AU - Lingwood, Chris J.
AU - He, Wenlong
AU - Paoloni, Claudio
AU - Cross, Adrian W.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received April 7, 2017; revised June 23, 2017; accepted June 27, 2017. Date of publication July 25, 2017; date of current version August 21, 2017. This work was supported by the STFC, Research Project ST/K002961/1, U.K. The review of this paper was arranged by Editor M. Thumm. (Corresponding author: Graeme Burt.) G. Burt, D. A. Constable, C. J. Lingwood, and C. Paoloni are with the Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, U.K., and also with the Cockcroft Institute, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Warrington WA4 4AD, U.K. (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; c.paoloni@ lancaster.ac.uk).
Publisher Copyright:
© 1963-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2017/7/25
Y1 - 2017/7/25
N2 - Manufacturing of klystrons in the millimeter-wave frequency range is challenging due to the small size of the cavities and the ratio of the maximum gap voltage to the beam energy. The small dimensions also make difficult to produce devices with the output power required by a number of applications at millimeter wave, such as communications and spectroscopy. Operating with a higher order mode can be a potential solution, as a larger transverse size structure can be used. Unfortunately, high-order mode cavities have a lower impedance than in fundamental mode. In this paper is proposed a novel solution to overcome the reduced impedance by utilizing an upconverter, where all cavities except the output cavity are designed to work in high-order mode. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, two klystron upconverters were designed. One has six cavities aiming to achieve a maximum output power of 90 W at 105 GHz. The second klystron upconverter was a simpler three-cavity structure designed for quick prototype. Millimeter-wave measurements of the three-cavity klystron upconverter are presented.
AB - Manufacturing of klystrons in the millimeter-wave frequency range is challenging due to the small size of the cavities and the ratio of the maximum gap voltage to the beam energy. The small dimensions also make difficult to produce devices with the output power required by a number of applications at millimeter wave, such as communications and spectroscopy. Operating with a higher order mode can be a potential solution, as a larger transverse size structure can be used. Unfortunately, high-order mode cavities have a lower impedance than in fundamental mode. In this paper is proposed a novel solution to overcome the reduced impedance by utilizing an upconverter, where all cavities except the output cavity are designed to work in high-order mode. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach, two klystron upconverters were designed. One has six cavities aiming to achieve a maximum output power of 90 W at 105 GHz. The second klystron upconverter was a simpler three-cavity structure designed for quick prototype. Millimeter-wave measurements of the three-cavity klystron upconverter are presented.
KW - High-order mode
KW - klystron
KW - upconverter
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85028769549
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85028769549#tab=citedBy
U2 - 10.1109/TED.2017.2724581
DO - 10.1109/TED.2017.2724581
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85028769549
SN - 0018-9383
VL - 64
SP - 3857
EP - 3862
JO - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
JF - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
IS - 9
M1 - 7990587
ER -
Industry innovation and infrastructure