TY - JOUR
T1 - Reduction of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor by a polyphenol-rich extract in subjects with clustered cardiometabolic risk factors
AU - Broekhuizen, Lysette N.
AU - Van Wijk, Diederik F.
AU - Vink, Hans
AU - Stalmach, A.
AU - Crozier, A.
AU - Hutten, B. A.
AU - Kastelein, John J.P.
AU - Hugenholtz, Paul G.
AU - Koenig, Wolfgang
AU - Stroes, Erik S.G.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2011/11/14
Y1 - 2011/11/14
N2 - Inflammation is a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome, which also contributes to a pro-atherogenic state. NF-ΰB activation, a critical step in regulating inflammatory reactions, can be inhibited by polyphenol (PF) extracts, at least in vitro. In the present study, we set out to study whether a PF-rich extract could attenuate the chronic inflammatory state and/or an acute immune response in vivo in subjects with clustered metabolic risk factors. A commercially available, PF-rich extract (500 mg daily) or placebo was administered for 4 weeks to thirty-four subjects with two or more metabolic risk factors using a randomised, double-blind, cross-over design. During the final study visit, an acute inflammatory challenge (lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1 ng/kg body weight) was administered to a random subgroup of subjects (PF-rich extract (n 12) and placebo (n 12)). The PF-rich extract modestly reduced the inflammatory chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) (MCP-1-6•5 % (PF, median 116 (interquartile range 97-136) pg/ml v. placebo, median 124 (interquartile range 105-153) pg/ml; P < 0•05); MIF-10•8 % (PF, median 2512 (interquartile range 1898-3972) pg/ml v. placebo, median 2814•5 (interquartile range 2296-3852) pg/ml; P < 0•05); however, other measured markers of inflammation and cardiometabolic disease, such as C-reactive protein, IL-6, HDL-cholesterol, adiponectin and oxidised LDL, remained unaffected. Following the LPS challenge, we found a statistically significant 48 % reduction of MCP-1 production in the PF-rich extract group (n 12) v. placebo (n 12) over 6 h (PF 766 (sd 155) v. placebo 1466 (sd 989) ng/ml; P < 0•05, area under the curve). In conclusion, short-term oral administration of the PF-rich extract caused a modest anti-inflammatory effect in subjects with clustered metabolic risk factors. Further dose-ranging studies are needed to evaluate whether and to what extent PF-rich extracts can be used to reduce the pro-inflammatory state in subjects with metabolic diseases at increased cardiovascular risk.
AB - Inflammation is a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome, which also contributes to a pro-atherogenic state. NF-ΰB activation, a critical step in regulating inflammatory reactions, can be inhibited by polyphenol (PF) extracts, at least in vitro. In the present study, we set out to study whether a PF-rich extract could attenuate the chronic inflammatory state and/or an acute immune response in vivo in subjects with clustered metabolic risk factors. A commercially available, PF-rich extract (500 mg daily) or placebo was administered for 4 weeks to thirty-four subjects with two or more metabolic risk factors using a randomised, double-blind, cross-over design. During the final study visit, an acute inflammatory challenge (lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1 ng/kg body weight) was administered to a random subgroup of subjects (PF-rich extract (n 12) and placebo (n 12)). The PF-rich extract modestly reduced the inflammatory chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) (MCP-1-6•5 % (PF, median 116 (interquartile range 97-136) pg/ml v. placebo, median 124 (interquartile range 105-153) pg/ml; P < 0•05); MIF-10•8 % (PF, median 2512 (interquartile range 1898-3972) pg/ml v. placebo, median 2814•5 (interquartile range 2296-3852) pg/ml; P < 0•05); however, other measured markers of inflammation and cardiometabolic disease, such as C-reactive protein, IL-6, HDL-cholesterol, adiponectin and oxidised LDL, remained unaffected. Following the LPS challenge, we found a statistically significant 48 % reduction of MCP-1 production in the PF-rich extract group (n 12) v. placebo (n 12) over 6 h (PF 766 (sd 155) v. placebo 1466 (sd 989) ng/ml; P < 0•05, area under the curve). In conclusion, short-term oral administration of the PF-rich extract caused a modest anti-inflammatory effect in subjects with clustered metabolic risk factors. Further dose-ranging studies are needed to evaluate whether and to what extent PF-rich extracts can be used to reduce the pro-inflammatory state in subjects with metabolic diseases at increased cardiovascular risk.
KW - Cardiometabolic risk factors
KW - Flow-mediated dilation
KW - Inflammation
KW - Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
KW - Polyphenols
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=80055026230&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/S0007114511002431
DO - 10.1017/S0007114511002431
M3 - Article
C2 - 21733322
AN - SCOPUS:80055026230
SN - 0007-1145
VL - 106
SP - 1416
EP - 1422
JO - British Journal of Nutrition
JF - British Journal of Nutrition
IS - 9
ER -