Emerging paradigms in sustainable shellfish aquaculture: Microalgae and biofloc technologies for wastewater treatment

Shellfish aquaculture is a global industry that provides valuable source of seafood and protein for human consumption. However, the cultivation of shellfish generates significant amounts of pollutants and wastewater, bringing negative impacts on the aquatic environment. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the shellfish aquaculture system and the potential environmental impacts of the operation and the resulting wastewater for shellfish and ecosystems. This is followed by discussion on current technologies and practices used to treat shellfish wastewater, highlighting the importance of using sustainable approaches to reduce the environmental footprint of shellfish aquaculture industry. This review also provides a comprehensive review of the recent advances in microalgae and biofloc technologies for bioremediation of wastewater, exploring its principles, benefits, and potential implications for the aquaculture industry. By shedding light on this innovative technology, the aim is to promote further research in the field of sustainable wastewater treatment for aquaculture industry towards achieving food security.